MENJEMBATANI DUA TRADISI KEILMUAN: TELAAH REFLEKTIF ATAS PENDEKATAN ULAMA HADIS DAN FIKIH DALAM MENYIKAPI HADIS MUKHTALIF

Abstract

On the surface, certain hadiths appear to contradict one another. However, such apparent inconsistencies do not stem from any contradiction in the sayings of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), but rather from the methodological approaches employed by scholars in interpreting these texts. In response to this challenge, scholars have developed various methods to resolve such discrepancies. This paper aims to explore the approaches adopted by both muḥaddithīn and fuqahā’ in addressing seemingly conflicting hadiths, while also comparing the methods employed by each group. This study is based on library research and employs content analysis as its primary analytical method. The findings indicate that both hadith scholars and jurists generally follow a similar sequence of methods in dealing with mukhtalif al-ḥadīṡ, namely: al-jam‘, an-naskh, at-tarjīḥ, and at-tawaqquf. Nevertheless, Imam Abū Ḥanīfah applies a different sequence, beginning with an-naskh, followed by at-tarjīḥ, then al-jam‘, and finally at-tawaqquf. This methodological difference reflects his prioritization of abrogation, which in practice may result in certain hadiths being set aside.